Data center pilots of liquid and immersion cooling showed meaningful gains in thermal stability and energy efficiency. The program compared configurations across heat loads, rack densities, and facility constraints, and measured performance under controlled test schedules. Thermal digital twins helped identify bottlenecks and evaluate what‑if scenarios before changes on the floor, reducing risk and downtime. The effort also accounted for operations: clear procedures for maintenance, safety considerations for fluids, and training for incident response. Results were documented in a playbook so operators can decide whether the technology suits their sites and how to phase adoption. Gains depend on workload patterns and facility design, but the pattern is consistent: targeted liquid cooling can enable higher density where air systems are constrained, while immersion offers the potential for step‑change improvements when the surrounding operational factors align. The team will publish more detailed case studies outlining configurations, measurements, and trade‑offs to support informed decision‑making.